IQ, short for Intelligence Quotient, is a number that helps measure how well someone can think, solve problems, and understand information compared to others. But what does the average IQ really mean; and where do most people fall on the scale?
The average IQ score
Most IQ tests are designed so that the average score is 100. This means that if you score around 100, your cognitive abilities are considered typical compared to the general population. In fact, about 68% of people score between 85 and 115, which is the range considered “average” or “normal” intelligence.
Here’s a quick breakdown of IQ score ranges:
| IQ Range |
Classification |
|---|---|
| 145+ | Genius or near genius |
| 130–144 | Gifted or very advanced |
| 120–129 | Superior |
| 110–119 | High average |
| 90–109 | Average |
| 80–89 | Low average |
| 70–79 | Borderline impaired |
| Below 70 | Intellectual disability |
What do IQ tests actually measure?
IQ tests don’t measure how smart you are in every way. Instead, they focus on specific skills like:
- Memory and attention span
- Problem-solving ability
- Language and vocabulary
- Math and logic
- Visual and spatial reasoning
These tests give a snapshot of how your brain handles certain tasks, but they don’t account for creativity, emotional intelligence, or street smarts.
Does IQ vary by country or region?
Yes, average IQ scores can vary slightly depending on where you live. For example, some US states like Massachusetts and New Hampshire report average IQs above 104, while others hover closer to 100. These differences may reflect education levels, access to resources, and other social factors.
Can your IQ change over time?
Surprisingly, yes. While your IQ tends to stay stable, it can shift due to things like:
- Better education
- Brain training or cognitive exercises
- Health and nutrition
- Life experiences and challenges
So even if you don’t score high today, you can still improve your thinking skills over time.
Robert Haynes, a psychology graduate from the University of Hertfordshire, has a keen interest in the fields of mental health, wellness, and lifestyle.