BBC Morning Live GP and Stannah health expert Dr Punam Krishnan has warned of the serious health risks caused by mould in UK homes, with older generations particularly at risk. Around two million people in the UK live in properties affected by damp and mould, and recent data shows that 1 in 5 elderly individuals resides in poorly ventilated homes that worsen existing health problems.
Dr Krishnan explained: “The impact of poor ventilation and mould has been prevalent in the news, and for good reason. Poor indoor air quality, commonly linked with mould, can cause a wide range of symptoms, from headaches and fatigue to more severe respiratory problems such as wheezing or shortness of breath. Those with existing respiratory conditions like asthma or chronic conditions like bronchitis and emphysema are particularly affected. The dangers aren’t just limited to breathing either, with damp and mould potentially leading to cognitive decline in the elderly due to the potential neurological effects of mycotoxins, which can manifest as memory loss, difficulty concentrating, and confusion. The older generation may be less able to notice or act on the signs of mould growth, especially if they have limited mobility. The dampness from mould can also lead to an increase in the risk of falls, as slippery surfaces can become a safety hazard.”
For people with conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, living in a poorly ventilated home can worsen symptoms and may lead to hospitalisation. Older people are particularly vulnerable as their homes are often not equipped to manage moisture effectively.
Kerry Hale, a cleaning expert at Mira Showers, offered advice to combat mould growth: “To lower the air’s humidity and reduce the chance of mould, some house plants have purifying properties that can help with this as well as adding an attractive design element. English ivy, peace lilies, reed palms and Boston ferns are all good choices to keep humidity at bay. Ensuring good ventilation decreases the amount of moisture in the area and allows it to disperse. After showering, open a window to reduce the chance of condensation settling on the walls, ceiling, or around the windows. If you don’t have any windows in your bathroom, consider investing in a ventilator fan or dehumidifier to create the same effect. You can also wipe down the shower area including the tray and wall panels to remove excess moisture that could potentially turn into mould.”
Experts also stress the importance of regular maintenance of ventilation systems. Bathrooms are especially prone to condensation, which can quickly lead to black mould if not addressed. Installing extractor fans, which are mandatory in UK bathrooms without windows, is an effective way to reduce humidity. Wiping down surfaces after showering and leaving doors or curtains open to improve air circulation are also recommended.
House plants such as spider plants and peace lilies not only improve the look of a home but also act as natural dehumidifiers by absorbing moisture and pollutants. For households with limited natural ventilation, mechanical solutions such as dehumidifiers or mechanical ventilation with heat recovery systems provide long-term benefits, particularly in social housing where mould is common.
Dr Krishnan’s warning highlights the urgent need for preventative measures to safeguard vulnerable groups, especially the elderly, from the health effects of mould. Better ventilation, moisture-absorbing plants, and consistent cleaning can significantly reduce risks linked to damp conditions in UK homes.