Teenagers spend hours each day on social media, yet when they worry about anxiety or depression many still turn to someone sitting beside them rather than a screen. New research suggests young people use digital platforms constantly but do not rely on them for serious mental health decisions, raising questions about how online advice is delivered. The findings were published in Mental Health & Prevention.
Researchers interviewed 28 secondary school students aged 12–16 in Barcelona to explore mental health literacy in everyday digital life. The conversations revealed a clear gap between heavy online engagement and confidence in online mental health information.
Most teenagers described mental health in simple terms such as feeling emotionally balanced and able to cope. They viewed mental health knowledge as practical life skills that help them manage problems and support friends rather than abstract medical knowledge.
Social media was used mainly for entertainment and communication. TikTok, Instagram and WhatsApp dominated daily routines, but mental health searching was secondary and often accidental rather than intentional.
When concerns appeared, students usually typed symptoms into Google rather than browsing social feeds. Even then, many struggled to judge accuracy and relied on obvious cues such as whether a source looked official.
Despite constant exposure to online content, teenagers expressed scepticism about credibility. Many believed social media contained unreliable or exaggerated claims and preferred speaking face to face with parents, teachers or professionals.
This preference highlights a broader issue in youth mental health help seeking. Knowledge alone does not automatically translate into action, and trust plays a stronger role than availability of information.
The study also showed young people wanted digital mental health content designed differently from typical posts. They favoured short videos, simple graphics and solution focused explanations created by qualified specialists or people with lived experience.
Researchers noted that anxiety and depression were the topics searched most frequently. These conditions commonly begin during adolescence, making early recognition important for long term well being.
Schools already provide some education about emotional health, yet students still reported uncertainty about where reliable help exists. Many were unaware of available services even in their local area.
The findings suggest digital mental health campaigns should not simply post information online. Instead they should connect online content with trusted adults and real world support pathways.
Social media remains important because it offers immediate access and familiarity. However, researchers argue it works best as a bridge towards help rather than a replacement for human contact.
The study indicates teenagers want guidance online but reassurance offline. Mental health apps, school programmes and public campaigns may need to combine both approaches to improve youth mental health outcomes.
Digital platforms may therefore shape awareness while relationships shape action. The challenge is ensuring online material directs young people towards dependable support rather than leaving them uncertain.