Spending time in green spaces like peri-urban forest parks offers a simple way to support well-being. A new study shows that the satisfaction from leisure activities in these areas does not directly enhance mental health. Instead, it works through deeper connections to nature and a renewed sense of purpose in life. The findings were published in Urban Forestry & Urban Greening.
Researchers from institutions including Ningbo University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences explored this in Xishan National Forest Park near Hangzhou, China. They combined interviews with 25 visitors and a survey of 590 others to understand the links. The park, with its trails, tea gardens and biodiversity, serves as a haven for city dwellers seeking relief from daily pressures.
The findings reveal that enjoyment from activities such as walking or relaxing in the park boosts feelings of closeness to nature. This connectedness, in turn, lifts mood and resilience. Similarly, leisure satisfaction helps people reflect on what makes life meaningful, which then supports better mental health outcomes.
Contrary to expectations, there was no straight link between satisfaction and mental health. The benefits came indirectly, explaining about 16 percent of the variation in participants’ well-being. For first-time visitors, the impact on finding meaning was especially strong, suggesting novelty plays a role in these effects.
The study draws on self-determination theory, which highlights needs like autonomy and relatedness. In natural settings, these are met through immersive experiences that go beyond mere relaxation. This aligns with growing evidence on how green spaces combat issues like depression and burnout.
Experts suggest practical steps for park managers, such as adding interpretive signs to deepen engagement. This could amplify mental health benefits by encouraging visitors to form emotional ties with the environment. Urban planners might prioritise accessible forests to promote equity in well-being.
The research also notes limitations, like its focus on one site. Future work could test these mechanisms in diverse locations. Still, it underscores the value of nature-based leisure in tackling global mental health challenges.
For those facing work stress or isolation, a forest outing might foster not just temporary calm but lasting psychological strength.