A new study has revealed that highly sensitive people (HSP) are more likely to experience mental health problems, such as anxiety and depression, compared to those with lower sensitivity levels. The first systematic review and meta-analysis of its kind, published today in Clinical Psychological Science, highlights the need for tailored mental health interventions to support this group.
The research, led by Queen Mary University of London, examined 33 studies to explore the relationship between sensitivity and common mental health conditions. Sensitivity, defined as a personality trait involving heightened awareness of environmental stimuli like bright lights, subtle environmental changes, or others’ emotions, was found to have a significant positive correlation with mental health issues. The analysis confirmed that highly sensitive individuals are more prone to depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, agoraphobia, and avoidant personality disorder.
Tom Falkenstein, a psychotherapist and PhD student at Queen Mary University of London, said: “This is the most extensive systematic review on sensitivity and mental health in adolescents and adults to date, and is the first ever meta-analysis on the topic to estimate the impact of this relationship. We found positive and moderate correlations between sensitivity and various mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, agoraphobia and avoidant personality disorder. Our findings suggest that sensitivity should be considered more in clinical practice which could be used to improve diagnosis of conditions.”
Falkenstein added: “In addition, our findings could help improve treatment for these individuals. Around 31% of the general population are considered highly sensitive, and, as our findings show, are more likely to respond better to some psychological interventions than less sensitive individuals. Therefore, sensitivity should be considered when thinking about treatment plans for mental health conditions. Our work shows it is crucial that the awareness of sensitivity is improved among mental health care professionals, so clinicians and practitioners can recognise the trait in their patients, and tailor treatment to their sensitivity.”
The study suggests that highly sensitive individuals may benefit more from interventions like mindfulness and applied relaxation techniques, which could also help prevent relapse. These approaches focus on strengthening emotional regulation skills, which are particularly effective for those with heightened sensitivity.
Michael Pluess, professor in developmental psychology at the University of Surrey and Visiting Professor at Queen Mary University of London, said: “This is the first meta-analysis providing robust evidence that highly sensitive people are more prone to common mental health problems. However, it is important to remember that highly sensitive people are also more responsive to positive experiences, including psychological treatment. Our results provide further evidence that sensitive people are more affected by both negative and positive experiences and that the quality of their environment is particularly important for their well-being.”
The research team, which included academics from Queen Mary University of London and the University of Surrey, emphasises the importance of recognising sensitivity in clinical settings. By identifying and addressing this trait, mental health professionals can develop more effective, personalised treatment plans. The findings also underscore the need for greater awareness among clinicians to ensure highly sensitive individuals receive appropriate care.