With a heatwave forecast and temperatures soaring across the UK, experts warn that common medications can heighten health risks in hot weather. Certain drugs for blood pressure, pain, allergies, and mental health can impair the body’s ability to stay cool, increasing the risk of heat-related illnesses. Here’s how to stay safe, according to Paula Lingard, business consultant at The ID Band Company.
Key medication risks in hot weather
- Blood pressure drugs. Diuretics, used for blood pressure, increase fluid loss, raising dehydration risks. “These medications make you lose more water than usual, so it’s easier to become dehydrated,” says Lingard. “That makes it harder for your body to cool down and you can start feeling lightheaded or unwell quite quickly.” Beta-blockers, another common treatment, slow heart rate, hindering heat regulation. “Your heart plays a role in helping you stay cool, so if it’s not reacting the way it normally would, that can leave you feeling off balance or overheated,” she explains.
- Pain relievers. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, popular during active summer months, can stress kidneys in high temperatures. “Painkillers like ibuprofen can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, which makes it harder for your body to deal with heat or dehydration,” notes Lingard. Paracetamol is a safer alternative, but caution is needed if symptoms like dizziness or dry mouth appear. Always follow dosage instructions and consult a doctor before taking preventative painkillers in heat.
- Allergy medications. High pollen levels drive antihistamine use, but some, especially older formulas, reduce sweating, the body’s natural cooling mechanism. “Older antihistamines tend to dry you out and reduce sweating, and sweating is how we cool down,” says Lingard. She advises using non-drowsy antihistamines and monitoring for heat-related discomfort.
- Mental health medications. Antidepressants and antipsychotics can disrupt the body’s temperature regulation. “Certain antidepressants and antipsychotics can affect how your body senses and responds to heat,” Lingard says. “They can reduce your ability to sweat or change how blood flows to the skin, so your body can overheat without you realising it.” Those on these medications should be vigilant and consult healthcare providers about heatwave precautions.
Safe medication storage
Heat can degrade medications, reducing their effectiveness or safety. “Leaving medication in a hot car, suitcase or on a sunny windowsill can damage the active ingredients,” warns Lingard. “That can make them less effective or in some cases, more harmful.” Most medicines require storage below 25°C, challenging during heatwaves. Store them in a cool, shaded area, away from heat sources. Check for changes in appearance or smell, and consult a pharmacist if concerned. “Never take pills that look or smell different than usual and if in doubt, speak to a pharmacist before using them,” she advises.
Staying safe in the heat
Preparation is key, especially for older adults or those managing multiple conditions. “If you or someone you care for is taking medication, make sure there’s water nearby, shade available, and a way to cool down if needed,” says Lingard. “A fan, a water bottle and some common sense can go a long way.” Regular hydration, avoiding caffeine, and monitoring urine colour for dehydration signs are crucial. Symptoms like confusion, dizziness, nausea, or dry skin may indicate heat stress, particularly for those on medications.
Lingard urges early action. “If you have concerns about the effects of your medication in hot weather, you should talk to your pharmacist or doctor, they will be best placed to advise out on managing your medications during the heat,” she says. “And if something doesn’t feel right, especially in this weather, it’s better to take action early. Speak to a GP or pharmacist if you’re unsure and don’t wait until things get serious.”